A monitor is an input/output (I/O) device of a computer, which serves as a display tool by projecting specific electronic information onto a screen, reflecting it to the human eye. Common types of monitors include CRT, LCD, LED matrix displays, and OLED.
Types and Names
- LCD (Liquid Crystal Display): An LCD is constructed with a liquid crystal layer placed between two parallel glass substrates. The bottom glass contains a thin-film transistor (TFT), while the top glass includes a color filter. By adjusting the signal and voltage on the TFT, the direction of liquid crystal molecules can be controlled, regulating polarized light emission at each pixel to achieve the display effect.
LCD is a substance that exists between solid and liquid states, and it cannot emit light on its own, requiring an external light source. Consequently, the number of lamps affects the brightness of an LCD monitor. This process also results in a limited viewing angle, meaning that the display content may not be visible clearly from side angles.
In the diagram, the polarizer controls light transmission, and the color filter adjusts the transmittance of specific colors. To compensate for visual angle and brightness loss, additional films are often added between the backlight and the LCD panel:
- RF (Reflector Film): Reflector film that adjusts the brightness of the light source direction when the backlight encounters obstacles.
- RP (Reflector Plate): Reflector plate that adjusts the brightness of the light source direction when the backlight encounters obstacles.
- DP (Diffuser Plate): Diffuser plate that provides an additional layer for wide-angle compensation.
- DF (Diffuser Film): Diffuser film to increase wide-angle compensation, commonly using IPS, TN+FILM, and MVA methods.
- BEF (Brightness Enhancement Film): Brightness enhancement film, a key component in TFT-LCD backlight modules, primarily functions to direct light towards the frontal viewing angle, achieving a focused brightness effect, also known as a light concentrator or brightness enhancement film.